EUME
2021/ 2022

Hala Auji

Pictorial Impressions: The Rise of Printed Portraiture in the Eastern Mediterranean

Hala Auji is Associate Professor of Art History at the American University of Beirut where she teaches courses on Middle Eastern and Islamic art. Her work explores the visual dimensions of modernity in the eastern Mediterranean, including print culture, book history, museum practices, and portraiture. Her first book, Printing Arab Modernity: Book Culture and the American Press in Nineteenth-Century Beirut (Brill, 2016) explores the growing significance of the aesthetic dimensions of print culture in Ottoman Syria and its contribution to wider discourses on socio-cultural modernization and reform. She has also published research in numerous venues, including Review of Middle East Studies, Visible Language, and the Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication. As a EUME Fellow 2021/22, she is working on her second book, tentatively entitled “Pictorial Impressions: The Rise of Printed Portraiture in the Arab World (ca.1870-1910),” which considers the visuality, makers/making, social significance, and theoretical framing of portraiture in Arabic publications from fin-de-siècle Beirut and Cairo.

Pictorial Impressions: The Rise of Printed Portraiture in the Eastern Mediterranean

Auji’s current book project explores early examples of printed portraiture (ca. 1870-1910) produced in the interconnected urban centers of Ottoman Beirut and Cairo, both of which were key publishing and cultural centers amongst multi-confessional Arab intellectuals. Pictured in print—as engravings, woodcuts, and lithographs—portraits of historical figures, politicians, dignitaries, and scholars appeared in books, periodicals, and quotidian media due to the flourishing of a regional Arabic publishing industry. Produced by and for everyday Arabic-speaking audiences as part of their lived experiences of capitalist modernity, these manufactured images found their way to varied public venues, from crowded street-side cafes to the walls and shutters of shopfronts. This book focuses on four key issues pertinent to these printed portraits at the time: their multifaceted visual conventions, producers’/production practices, significance in the public sphere (and the image of public intellectuals), and intersections with knowledge production and contemporaneous theories on image-making/visuality. In so doing, this book challenges the disciplinary boundaries between art, design, science, and printing history, and problematizes representation’s traditional art history that has focused on a division between “high” arts and quotidian material culture. Concurrently, this project endeavors to contribute an interdisciplinary art historical approach to a field that has been frequently limited to bibliographic, historical, and literary studies.